Central lubrication



Nov. 22, 1932. .1. BIJUR CENTRAL LUBRICATION Filed Deo.- 27, 1924 10Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR q/zzr' )5w ATTORNEYS Nov. 22, 1932. J. BIJURCENTRAL LUBRICATION Filed Deo. 27. 1924 10 Sheets-Sheet 2 -Xw ATTORNEYSNov. 22, 1932. J. BIJUR CENTRAL LUBRICATION Filed Dec. 27, 1924 10Sheets-Sheet Nov, 22, 932.,

J. Buma CENTRAL LUBRCATION Filed Dec. 27, 1924 l0 Sheets-Sheet 4 1 Nozz,1932.

J. BUUR CENTRAL LUBRICATION Filed Dec. 27j-1924 l0 Sheets-Sheet 5 jurINVENTOR ffm ATTORNEYS Nov. 22, 1932. J. BUUR v CENTRAL LUBRICATION J.BIJUR Nov. 22, 1932.

CENTRAL IIUBRI CATION Filed Deo. 10 Sheets-Sheet 7 Nov-[22, 193,2.y J.BUUR Y CENTRAL LUBRICATION 10 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed DeG. 27, 1924 J.BIJUR 1,888,422

CENTRAL LUBRICATI ON Nov. 22, 1932.

Filed Dec. 27, 1924 10 Sheets-Sheet 9 229 g 297 i x96' el L o, f: 24 A a293 "mill (nimh.

Nov. 22, 1932. J. BUUR 1,888,422

CENTRAL LUBRICATION Filed Deo. 27, 1924 10 Sheets-Sheet 10 CILPatented.' Nov. 22, 1932 unirse stares PATENT telg JOSEPH BIJUR, OF NEWYORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, '1-0 AUTO RESEAECHCORPORATION, A. CORPORATION OF DELAWARE CENTRAL LUBRICATION fApplication led December 27, 1924.

more easy the operation of the brakes of r vehicles and more espeon 'toproeilective and convenient lubrication for e pivot bearingsV of thelinkage for oper- 0 ch by reatlieir la'. e numbertheir small size rinaccessibility have not been lubrihereto'ore, With any degree orPreguatin.' tie rear Wheel brakes, i son oi The invention in a preferredapplication is concer ed with the lubrica ion of the linkage referredto, by operation from the trame, d in one aspect is concerned moreespecially with the construction and arrangement of conduit, by whichthe lubricant is passed from the frame to an az-rle or other part movingrelative thereto, particularly to the parts of the brake '.lhe' supplyconduit, it is apparent, should accommodate the rise andiiall oi therear axle tive to the frame, which occurs as the c during travel ot thevehicle. My encon has among its objects to provide a ice-able conduitoiloiv cost, which prothe required should occur, which is not subisct toing, which is substantially prooin ist rupture or leak from vibration ofg vehicle even in hard usage. My

les a conduit in the above reparte oi" which are not likely to on, theor enc nnte d inV ordinary usage, and which,

Wh'ie accommodating the various relative movements Without unoue strainany part i of the conduit is, nevertheless, mechanically so strong andis retained in place upon the mechanism carried on the rear yield orflexibility Where broken olii by theA usual impactsl Serial No. 758,361.

vehicle structure so securely as not to be torn loose by the driving` ofthe vehicle through brush or bushes, which will suffer no substantialinjury Jfrom pelting by ice or loose stones that may be thrown up fromthe road by the movement of the vehicle thereon, Which Will not be tornclit or damaged by mud frozen thereonto, and Which will not be disturbedby handling in cleaning the vehicle.

The desired results are accomplished according to the present inventionby extending the lubricant conduit lengthwise of the usual linkage, bywhich the brake is operated from the usual pedal or brake lever. Thelubricant is advantageously conveyed through the length of the linkage,the various elements of 'which are bored or made hollow for the purposedesired, so that the lubricant duct is not only protected Withinthelinkage, but, being an integral part thereof, accommodates as does saidlinkage, the movement ofthe rear axle relative to the frame.

' Preferably the entire linkage is such that the lubricant conduit iscompletely enclosed therein and accordingly protected thereby, thevarious parts being structurally related to inherently establishpassages for lubricant in correct non-leaking relationship, and tolubricate the various bearing surfaces in the length of the conduit, allin the absence ot any distinct lubricating attachments or connectionsapart from the mechanical structural yassembly. W

A familiar type of brake linkage includes an arm depending from theoperating rock shaft to which is pivoted the forward end of a pitmanlink, the rear end oi which is pivoted to a lever on the brake drum orshield. Objects of the invention are to convey the lubricant reliablylengthwise of such linkage, Without interfering With the normaloperation of the linkage or With the adjustments ordinarily effected inthe length of the pitman rod. Other objects are to lubricate With 95 oilpassed along the linkage, the various bearings thereof including thoseat the opposite ends of the pitman link, and Without the need for undulytightening said bearings or making them more bulky or providing pro- 100trusions thereon in order to avoid loss or leak of lubricant from thebearings.

According to my invention, the pivot bearing of the itman link withrespect to the arm 0n the rocii shaft, from which it is operated, is ina special terminal fitting at the forward or upper end of the tubularpitman, and the bearing with respect to the lever at the brake issimilarly disposed in a special terminal fitting at the lower or rearend of said pitman. Preferably, the lubricant is supplied t0 the linkagethrough a fixed inlet associated with the rock shaft whence it drainsthrough a duct longitudinally of the arm thereon to the upper or forwardend of the pitman, thence longitudinally through the pitman tube to thelower bearing thereof and thence through an appropriate duct at thelever to bearings at the brake drum or brake shield.

To avoid the loss of lubricant at any of the various joints in thelinkage, the pivot pin of each said joint is preferably rigid with theencircling eye or terminal of the linkage element through which thelubricant is fed thereto and affords a duct for the lubricant extendingoutward to the bearing surface in the eye 0r terminal pivoted thereon ofthe succeeding element in the linkage train. Each mechanical element inthe train that has a bearing about a pivot pin, preferably has a duct sorelated to the pin that the lubricant draining from the bearing willnaturally pass on into the duct for How to the bearings, rather than toleak past the ends of the bearing to the road. By this arrangement,although the bearing structure is unenclosed the lu bricant` at thebearing surface tends to spread outward rather than inward and thusinherently to exclude or wash out any dust or dirt that might otherwisebe drawn into the bearing. The relatively rocking elements of thebearing preferably have a telescoping relation, to render more difiicultthe entry of dust or dirt and in addition a peripheral groove 4:5 isprovided on the inner of the elements adjacent the edge of the outerone, so that dirt or dust Will tend to drop therethrough from thebearing rather than to work its way thereinto.

Q9 In other embodiments, an exit terminal of each mechanical elementinthe linkage train extends into the inlet terminal of the next elementin the train, said inlet terminal constituting a receptacle in which thebearing is contained, which receptacle drains through a duct in thelatter mechanical element to supplg other bearings.

n the lubrication of an embodiment of brake in which rock shafts at thebrake shield m and parallel to the axle transmit the hand and` footbraking impulses respectively, through pitmen pivoted to levers mountedon the inner ends of said rock shafts. the. lubricant supplied througheach of said pitmen is u preferably passed onward through the associatedlever, to lubricate the bearings there for.

The invention from another aspect is concerned with the localdistribution of lubricant from an inlet at the brake to the variousbearings associated therewith and substantially regardless whether saidinlet is supplied through the brake operating pitmen or otherwise.

The invention provides convenient means for reliably lubricating all orany number of said bearings without the need for selective manipulationsor direct manual access to the individual bearings, and without conduitsprotruding or projecting, so as to be likely to be torn loose inordinary use of the vehicle.

To this end, an inlet fixed on the brake shield may supply anappropriate flexible conduit which is connected at its opposite endpreferably to the uppermost bearing of the associated linkage, oralternatively a rigid pipe may be mounted to drip through an air gaponto such uppermost bearing, the lubricant being delivered therefrom tothe other bearings, either through appropriate bores, ducts or conduits,or by the capillary action of layers of felt included in the linkagestructure.

In the accompanying drawings in which are shown one or more of variouspossible embodiments of the several features of the invention,

Fig. l is a fragmentary side elevation partly in section of oneembodiment of the invention,

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on a larger scale of one of the pitmanterminal fittings taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. l,

Fig. 2a is a view similar to Fig. 2 of a modification,

Fig. 2b is a sectional view taken along the line m2?) of Fig. Qa,

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 of the other pitman terminal fittingtaken along the line 3-3 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 a fragmentary detail sectional view taken along the line 4 4 ofFig. l.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line of Fig. G of a type ofbrake linkage at the wheel, indicating the lubrication thereof,

Fig. 5a is a fragmentary sectional view on a larger scale indicating aflexible conduit and its terminal,

Fig. 6 is a plan partly in section of the embodiment shown in Fig. 5,

Fig. 6e is a detail sectional view taken along the line 6ta-6a of Fig.6,

Fig. 7 is a plan view partly in section, indieating an alternativeconstruction for lubrieating the bearings of the rock shafts on thebrake axle of an embodiment of brake lof the type shown in Figs. 5 and6,

Figs. 7e and 7?) are sectional views taken respectively along the lineV'7a-Za and line 75 Zbof Fig. 7,

8 is fragmentary vien7 partly in sec-V tion lbfy an alternative form ofpitnian link transmission,

`9 a perspective view of one of the rais the boot therefor, 10 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 8 of an als fragii ntary sectional vievv A the line12-12 of Fig. 10,

a fragmentary elevation viewed side of the Wheel, indicating an yearrangement for lubricating brake the type shown in Fig. l,

sectional view taken along PLS T11 rig. 14 's a line 14--14 of 13,

llig. l5 is a fragmentary detail sectional vie ,v taken along the line15-15 or Fig. l,

is fragmentary detail of one 'of nown in Figs. 13 to 15,

s a fragmentary detail vier;r of an -ve forni of link construction,

. is a transverse sectional view taken ine "L7-17 of Fig. 16,

s aV longitudinal sectional vieu7 tlle lineVlQ-l of Fig. 16,

fragmentary sectional view of alternative forni of pitman link terminal,taken on the line 19-119 of Fig. 16,

Y. Fig. 20 is a fragmentary plan vict.7 of lub-ri eating means fory thebearings of a rake equal bar, Y

Fig. 21 is a detail sectional vieu' taken along line 21*21 ot'Fig. 20,

22 is a side elevation, partly in of Fie'. 20.

' 23 lis a fragmentar .rniinalshoivn in i ff toe line E-23,

alonj vieuT taken n f plan view or A sectional f Fig. 22

a view of another embodilubrication of the brake mechaframe or controlend, and; evation partly in section of j .lent of Fig. 26. Y

i. t, civ to igs. l to 4 of the drarrhave sli-own a construction of rearrake and of the operating linkage which. in general outline., is known,3 e. better understanding of the inven# tion, will be brieflydescribed.V The channel side member C of the vehicle mounts pair ofbrake operating cross shafts 10 and 11,the

' for the external or foot brake, the latthe respectively by the brakeper al and the brake er snoivn). .An arm 12 has a hub 13 n d. over thecross-shaft 10, and oscillating therewith as the pedal is operated. Thelowinternal or hand brake, operated er end of said arm is pivoted to apitinan rod 15, sloping downward and pivoted at its lower end at 1G tothe upper Vend of the curved lever 1? i ivoted at 18 to a yoke 19rigidly mounted at the exterior of the brake band 20. Pivoted at 21 tothe l rake drinn leverV is the usual clamp rod 22 encircled byacompression spring 23, which normally maintains the oufer brake band inopen or non-braking posi tion, by reacting at one end against asupporting eye 24 outside the drum, and at the other against a lug 25 onthe band. When a braking impulse is applied, lever 17 is rocked inclockwise direction to ydraw the clamp rod 22 downward causing the brakeband to clasp the drum.

The internal or hand brake includes a similar construction of arm 26 androd 27, the lower or inner end of the pitinan link being pivoted to alever 28 rigid With the rock shaft 29, Which carries a shorter lever 30also rigid therewith and transmits an impulse through an operating link31 to the joint 32 of a toggle composed of links 38 and 34 pivotedrespectively to brackets 35 and 36, at the ends of the internal brakeband. The construction as thus far described, taken by itself, isentirely conventional and Well known.

By my invention, means is provided for effectively lubricating variousbearings associated With the brake linkage. Lubricant is preferablyadmitted through a pipe 37 from a centralized lubricant station andthence through a liow control fitting 38 to a bore 40 in the bearingbracket o9 which supports the rock shafts, said bore extending upward toa horizontal duct 41 from Which the bearings of both of the rock shaftsare lubricated. The control fitting 38 may be a drip plug` of myinvention, the precise construction of Which is not material to anunderstanding of the present invention, it being merely noted that a.multiplicity of similar drip plugs at various parts of a centralizedchassis lubrieating system Will each feed a predetermined proportion ofa charge propelled under pressure from a common source. The outlets 41of duct 41 are restricted to substantially controlthe lubricant drainingto the respective bearings. The foot or external brake is suppliedfroniduct 41 through an oblique bore 42 in the rock shaft, which drains muchof the lubricant admitted through the bore 41 to the upperend of aylongitudinal duct 43 in the arm 12. r.The arm 12 being friction-ttedand secure upon the shaft, no lubricant is lost in the passage 'from theoblique duct 42, While slight seepage of lubricant past the inlet tosaid oblique duct serves to lubricate the bearing of the rock shaft 10.

1n the preferred construction shown, the pitrnan 15 constitutes a metaltube through Which lubricant can be passed, the terminal 46 threaded asat 47 over the upper end thereof having an eye 48 aligned with the eye49 at 'iti the lower end of the arm 12. A pivot pin 50 for the eyes 48and 49 has a head 51 adjacent to the eye 48, and a shoulder 51substantiall flush with the opposite face of said eye and rawn againsteye 49, which latter has a correspondingly smaller bore to fit about thecorrespondingly reduced part of the bolt shank beyond shoulder 51. A nut53 thread ed on the end of bolt 5() is locked against the eye 49 by alock washer 54, and presses said eye against shoulder 51.

Preferably a copper washer 52 is pressedk by the end of the pitman tubeinto the socket of the terminal 46, said softer metal forming anoil-tight closure to prevent the possible leakage of lubricant past thescrew threads 47. The longitudinal duct 43 in the arm 12 delivers to aperipheral groove 60 aligned therewith in the shank of the pin 50, whichlatter through a radial bore 59 communicates with a longitudinal bore 57plugged as at 58 at the outer end. A radial bore 56 taps saidlongitudinal bore in the region of the rod eye 48, and delivers to aperipheral groove 55 thereat, from which said bearing, in turn, islubricated.

The eye 49 of arm 12 is pressed by the nut 53 against the shoulder 51 onsaid bolt, so that said arm and said bolt are, in effect, a rigid unit.Preferably, the bolt, moreover, has a tight fit in said eye 49, so thatall of the lubricant from the arm is effectively delivered into saidbolt, the sole bearing surface being between the bolt and the rodterminal 48. Thus, the lubricant is delivered to the bearing surfacefirst into bolt 50, thence radially outward to the encircling bearingeye 48, thereby providing, as will be apparent, reliable lubrication.

In the construction shown, the pivot 16 at the lower end of the pitmanis lubricated by oil passed through the tube 15 from the upper bearingjust described. In order to assure reliable delivery of the lubricantfrom the bearing 48-50 into the tube 15 and to guard against the escapeof lubricant laterally from the bearing to the ground, rather than intosaid tube, it is desirable as shown, to form the shank 46 of theterminal offset with respect to the eye 48, the axial bore 61 thereofextending, as shown, substantially tangential to the lower surface ofthe pin or bolt 50. It will thus be seen that the lubricant which haspassed through the duct 4?) in the arm 12 and about the bearing surfaceof eye 48 will drain therefrom into the terminal bore 61 and thencelengthwise of the hollow pitrnan vrod to the terminal at the oppositeend thereof.

The terminal 16 at the lower end of the pitman rod has a constructionanalogous to that of the upper end, and is intended to function insubstantially the same manner, but is specifically different, as will beapparent. In this case, as best shown in the sectional view, Fig. 3, thepin is of identical construction with that at the upper end, except thatits head 50 is against the eye 62 of the lever 17, the bearing surfaceoccurring at said lever, while the eye 63 of the rod terminal is clampedbetween the lock washer 54 and the shoulder 51. The construction of saidpivot is Otherwise identical with that shown in Fig. 2 and similar partsbear corresponding reference numerals primed. Thus, in this case, thelubricant delivered from the tube 15 past the axial bore 61 in theterminal enters the groove 55 about the pin 50 and proceeds thencethrough radial bore 59', 1ongitudinal bore 57 and radial bore 56,outward to lubricate the bearing surface of the pin 50 in the eye 62 ofthe lever 17. To facilitate assembly, it is preferred to make theterminal 16 adjustable on the lower end of the pitman rod, by providinga substantial threaded length 64 on the tube, upon which the terminal 16is screwed and secured by a nut 65 locked by a lock washer 66.

l Excess lubricant from the bearing 62 may be passed onward to certainof the linkage, heretofore described, on the brake support plate. Forthis purpose, a preferred construction is shown in which the lever 17 isformed with an oblique bore 67 near its upper end, extending through alug 68 and into this extends the upper end of preferably a hard metalpipe 69, said pipe terminating at its upper end, as shown, directlybelow the pin 50', so that the lubricant draining from the bearing 62will naturally drop downward into said pipe rather than escape from theends of the bearing. The pipe 69 as shown, is preferably curved closeagainst the surface of the lever 17 and terminates at an upwardlyextending end 7 0 delivering into the mounting bearing 18 of said lever.In the preferred embodiment, a longitudinal bore 71 through the lowerend of the lever 17 delivers lubricant from the mounting bearing 18 tothe bearing pin 21, upon which the clamp rod 22 is mounted.

It will be seen that the presence of the lubricating appurtenances setforth in no way alters the operation of the train of linkage between thepedal and the brake drum, while lubricant is Areliably fed into bearing40, thence longitudinally through ducts 42 and 43, thence to the pivotbearing 48, at the upper end of the pitman rod, thence through the upperterminal of the pitnian to the lower terminal, thence lengthwise of thehand lever 17 to the mounting bearing 18 thereof and.

thence to the mount 21 of the clamp rod 22. Thus, all of said bearingsare lubricated seriatiin by flow of the lubricant successively from oneto the other, each bearing intcrcepting sufficient oil for lubricationthereof. Loss of lubricant in transit is prevented, the entire residuein excess of the requirement of each bearing, passing onward in itstravel to the S il f terminal of and it is succeeding bearing. While inmany automotive constructionson the market, the brake linkage slopesdownward, as shown in the drawings, so that any lubricant admitted willpromptly flow by gravity through the course set forth, it will beunderstood that even if the pitman rod were generally horizontal, theoperation `would take place substantially as described, while thevehicle is ascending a hill, during which time they pitman tube would,of course, slope downward, and any lubricant therein would then flowtoward the brakes.

It will be seen that according to the arrangement disclosed, the brakelinkage encloses and protects the oil duct through which lubricantpasses from the frame to the bearings on the brake shield, said linkageaccommodating the relative movement between the brake shield and theframe, as the vehicle springs compress and rebound. The linkage issubstantially, as stili and as rugged as if devoid of lubricatingappurtenances, and will, therefore, withstand the stresses incurred inuse.

It will be noted that in the vconstruction described, the impulsedelivered through the operating arm l2 is along an axis not directlyaligned with that of the tubel, so that in braking operation, theremight be a bending moment on the tube in addition to the tension strain.l prefer, as indicated in the drawings to leave a small clearance 72between the encircling terminal 46 and the tube l5 beyond the threads,so that any bending moment on the tube will be distributed over theunthreaded length of terminal, so that a sharp bend of the tube adjacentto the threads is avoided.

rlhe arm 2, pitinan 27 and terminals thereof through which the internalor hand brake is operated are identical with those f the external orfoot brake just described. However, tie lever 28 with which the lower ehand operated pitman cooperates is s'ra ght, as heretofore described,

referred i'i this connection to providea bore 8 longitudinally of saidlever to lead lubricaat draining from the lower end of the resi pitmanbearing downward to the mor g bearing 29 thereof.

For ourposes of dust exclusion, l have a elescoping arran 'ement atvarious bearings. e hub l of arii 12, for instance, overlaps Til thereduced extension Z5 of the 4Ling braclre.-

Similarly as shown in l 1g. 2, eye i8 overlaps at one face thereof at7S, the head of pin 5l, and at the other face as at Z7 thecorrespondingly reduced ion on the contiguous eye. A similar arrangementsaown in Fig. 3. By this arrangement, dust, dirt or water would be moreVfirelv to drop oli than to work into the bearing surface.

ln Figs. 2a and 2h is shown a.k substitute for the form of joint shownin Fig. 2, which is of simple construction, yet reliable in ac-f tion.Corresponding parts bear the same reference numerals as in Fig. 2 withthe eX- ponent a. In this embodiment, the pin a has a head 51a providedwith a fiat f c0- acting withV a corresponding lug ,t in lever` and @laare in alignment and the latter is of larger diameter than the former.The eye 8a oi the upper terminal iitting is retained against substantiallongitudinal shifting by the shou`der 8 of the bolt at one end and bythe nut 53a at the other. To assist in excluding dust from the bearing,the -eye 48a is provided with tlanges 8 and 9 extending there beyondperipherally about the corresponding portions of the bolt shank and nutrespectively and extending respectively part wayV across a peripheralgroove 8 in the bolt, and a similarly grooved hub 9 integral with thenut.

ln assembling the joint, it will be understood, means of the flat f issecured by a drive lit in the eye of lever 12d.V The terminal eye Ligais telescoped with a bearing lit over the protruding part of the bolt,in which assembly, the bore 59a necessarily registers with bore @lawhereupon the nut 53a is applied and drawn tight and then loosenedslightly to avoid jamming eye 48a, and is then secured by a cot-ter pinor similar lock.

rlhe lubricant, it will be understood,passes through the longitudinalbore 43a directly into the pin 50a without leakage, thencelongitudinally of the pin and outward through the horizontal bore 59adirectly into the terminal bore 61a, a part passing laterally from theend of the horizontal bore 59a to lubricate the bearing of eye 48u; atthe upper end of the pitman. Lubricant is thus effectively passed to thepitman terminal from the pin 50a without the use of the offsetconstruction shown in Fig. l. Dust falling onto the joint, it will beseen, will more readily pass peripherally downward along the grooves 8and y9 and drop from the construction, than to wor r its way into thebearings which are, accordingly, relatively dust-proof.

lt will be understood that the bearing at the lower end of the pitman,as shown in Fig. l, could also be modified in asimilar manner (notshown) to lin the pin 50 by means of a flat and to eliminate theperipheral grooves. Such modication will be apparent to those skilled inthe art from the construetion described.

that the pin 50a properly aligned by lishly through the bearings andlinkage elcments consecutively, adequately lubricating slid bearingswithoutY appreciable leakage' Hamai and Without the entry of dust, dirtor other foreign matter or particles into the course of lubricant flow.Apart from the fact that the bearings are so constructed that foreignmatter would not tend to work its w'syiheinto, it should be noted thatthe lubricant spreads outward, along each of the bearing surfaces, thus,tendingl to wash any dirt or dust outward rather than to draw it inwardinto the bearing.

In Figs. 5 and 6 is shown a preferred mode of lubricating another typeof brake rigging, including a forging 78 riveted to the brake shield 79in order to provide bearings 80 and 81 respectively for the outer endsof rock shafts 82 and 83 through the former of which the external orfoot brake is operated and through the latter, the internal or handbrake. The inner ends of the rock shafts are lodged in bearings 84 and85 disposed in a mounting bracket 86 therefor, rigid with the axle 87.The rock shaft has a cam 88 at its outer end coacting with the brakeshoes (not shown) of the internal brake in the familiar manner and atits inner end, said rock shaft has rigid therewith a lever 89 to whichis connected the terminal 90 on the lower end of pitman rod 91 throughwhich the braking impulse is transmitted. The rock shaft 82 for the footbrake is operated through a similar construction of lever 92 and pitman93 having a terminal 93. 1n order to transmit the braking impulse to theexternal brake rigging, the rock shaft 82 has rigid therewith Ynear itswheel or outer end, an upstanding lever 94 which is connected by .atransmitting link 95 to the upper end 96 of s. curved lever 97 anchoredas at 98 to the brake band 99, and acting upon a clamping rod pivotedthereto as at 98 in manner identical with the arrangement previouslydescribed and shown in Fig. 1. The link 95 is pivoted at one end as at109 to lever 94, and at the opposite end as at 110 to lever 97.

For the lubrication of the various bearings thus far described, Iprovide three courses of lubricant flow in parallel with each other andpreferably all supplied from a single ultimate source or station. Thefirst course comprises the tube 93 which preferably has an arrangementof terminal (not shown) at its upper end identical with that shown inFig. 2 or Fig. 2a and delivers the lubricant through the terminal 93 atthe lower end, which may be of the type shown in Fig. 3, into thebearing at the upper end of lever 92. The lubricant thence flows outwardthrough radial bore 100 and downward through a longitudinal bore 101 inlever 92 into an axial bore 102 in the rock shaft 82 which empties byway of a radial bore 108 in said rock shaft to bearing 84. The secondcourse of lubricant corresponds closely to that just described, thelubricant passing from the terminal 90 through a corresponding path (notshown) and delivering to bearin 85 by way of bore 104 radially of shaft83.V

which is of flexible or yielding character to accommodate the movementof the link, is connectedY at its outlet to a lateral lug 123 on theupper end or eye of lever 94, delivering through a duct 122 to a bolt orpin 115 forming a bearing for eye 109 on the rear end of link` 95. Theconstruction of the pi vot bearing 115 is similar to and on theprinciple of that of Fig. 2, preferably substantially the constructionof Fig. 2a and need, accordingly, not be described in detail.

A part of the lubricant from bore 12"? will pass through bearing 109which it lubricates in the manner clear from the description of Fig. 2a,thence passes onward through a bore 114 longitudinally of the link 95 tolubricate the bearing 110 at the opposite end thereof. Here also, I mayemploy the type of pivot shown in Fig. 2a, the pin 119 being rigid, asshown, with respect to the link eye 110 and affording a. bearing thereatwith respect to the eye 117 of the lever 97. Accordingly, the lubricantfrom flexible tube 113 enters pin and flows outward to lubrieate thebearing 109, which is thence drained through duct 114 to the bore of pin116 from which is il' lubricated the pivot bearing 117, the excess fromwhich passes as in Fig. 1 through pipe 69 to lubricate bearing 98 fromwhich duet 71 leads lubricant to bearing 98.

The construction of Fig. 2a is modified at pin 115 by providing ashallow circumferential groove 336 thereabout in communication at itslowermost point with the longitudinal bore 105 in arm 94. By thisarrangement, not

all of the lubricant to pin 115 passes onward "La through link 114, buta part fiows around groove 336 and down bore 105. Bore 105 delivers to asubstantially vertical radial bore 330, in shaft 82, which communicateswith a longitudinal bore 331, in turn, delivering to horizontal radialbore 332. Bore 332 is aligned with a bore 33 in bracket 78 whichdelivers to the lowermost part of bushing 81 and through a hole 334 insaid bushing upward to bearing 81. A fiat 335 011 shaft 82 113 maycomprise soea called Bowden wire sn th (Fig. a) `which includesmerelygtwocosely wound small heli-l cal springs 113 and 119 wound oneabout the other. A preferred termi-nal for the lower end of said duct,comprises a ferrule 122 solderedto the extremity of the duct and has aflange 121 at its lower end pressed by the end of a` gland nut 120thereabout against the bottom of a lateral socket 123 in luo' 123 oflever u 1 t: 9e into which tue gland nut is threaded. A

similar construction of terminal not shown) i may be provided at theupper end. lt will be understood that ,the flexible conduit. is notintended to su ain pressure, the fitting 111 being preferably oftypesuch that the pressure from the source is not transmitted therebeyond.,and the lubricant merely triclles or flows through the conduit bygravity head andv without substantial leakage.`

ln Figs. 7, 7a and 7?) is shown an alternative arrangement forlubricating the two bearings of each ofthe rock shafts of theconstruction shown in Fig. 6 and without regard to lubrication of otherbearings in the linkage. The roel: shafts and their supporting bracketsbear the same reference numerals as the vcorresponding elements in Fig.6 primed, however. 1n this construction, bracket 36 is formed with asocket 125 for a lubricant inlet fitting 126, which may be a drip plug,the latter supplied from a pipe 126r from the rear axle or from thetorque arm (not shown). According to the present construction, c ripplug 12o supplies lubricant reliably to the bearing surfaces of all fourbushings 311', 35, 30 and 81. For this purpose. the bracket 86 isprovided with a longitudinal bore having three segments 12?, 128 and129, passing through the bearings 3l and 85 and plugged at its extremeend 129 as at 130.

The bushing 3e is provided with an eX- terior eccentric groove 131extending substantially only on the upper half thereof, and providing apath therealong for lubricant from bore 127 to bore 123, which latterdelivers throng i aligned aper' Lre 13d in bushing 85 to' lubricate thecorresponding bearing of shaft 83. Part ofthe lubricant passing alonggroove 131 flows downward bv gravity through bore 13eir .he bushing 341into an aligned adia bore 133 in the shaft 'rilel se prevista ..viui 133adjacent tothe bore 134w so that a portion thereof in all positions ofthe shaft will be aligned with said bore to intercept some of l is helubricant, to supply the bearing of hush-VV ing 84. The bore 133communicates with a. longitudinal or axial bore 135, which extends thelength of the upper shaft 32 and delivers into a bore 133 in said shaft,thence through a bore 1110 in bushing 30 which, in turn, through anoblique bore lil-2 in the bracket T3 delivers lubricant to the bearingof bushing 31 by passi-ng through an aligned hole 144 in said bushing.ln this construction also, the shaft 82 is flattened as at 133 so thatsome-of the lubricant passing from the bore 133 to the bore 142 would beintercepted to lubricate the bearing of bushing It is preferred to fillsubstantially the entire length of bore 135 with a metal pin or rod 136,which is but a few thousandths of an inch smaller in diameter than saidbore and is kept in position therein by springpressed caps 145 in theopposite ends of the shaft. The rod 136 is of reduced diameter at its'opposite ends as at 137 so as to avoid substantially sealing the shaftbore with respect l to the bore 133supplying the same or the bore 133supplied from the same.

ln operation, lubricant passed by the drip plug 126 will be forcedupward along the ec-` centric groove 131, a portion thereof droppingthrough the bore 134 and the rest passing onward to bore 128 tolubricate bearing 85. rlfhe portion that drops tirough bore 13e, inturn, takes two courses, portion being intercepted at dat 133 tolubricate the bearing 311 and the rest passing into longitudinal bore133. rlhe rod 136 substantially filling the bore 135, there is but asmall effective volume in the lengthv of this tube, maintained in placeby capillary action and such lubricant as is forced in at 133, causesthe ejection of a corresponding mass lat the opposite end through bore138, part of which is intercepted by flat 133 at bushing 30 and the restpassing onward through bores 140, 142 and 1411- to lubricate the bearingsurface of bushing 81.

ln `ligs. 8 and 9, l have shown an arrangement-of pitman rod or tubealternative to that shown in Fig. 1. arm 1/13 which is secured to theroclr shaft 147 has a ball construction 14:8 at its lower end, whichextends through a corresponding slot 1119 into a` generally cylindricalterminal 150 screwed as at 151 upon the hollowpitman rod 1,52. Enclosedwithin the terminal 150 is a slidable bearing cup 153-urged by a coilspring 154 to press said ball against a complementary cup 155 formed theinner end of a closure plug 156 threaded and locked into] the eX-tremity of the terminal 150. The lubricant is conveyed through a bore157 longitudinally of the arm 1d" plugged as at 153 at its lower end,outward through radial bores 159 and 169 in the ball from which thebearing of ysaid ball is lubricated. The spring 1511 effects preferablya tight bearing, so that lubricant will pass from the duct 159 largelyinto the tube 152. To avoid friction and to accommodate the compressionand expansion of spring 154 in operation and adjustment, the pipe 162has a bearing in a bushing 163 at the extreme end of the tube 152. The

lubricantpasses onward through the length of the tube to a generallysimilar construction at the opposite end thereof. In the latterconstruction, however, the pipe 164 is fixed in a bushing 165 in the endof the pitman tube and slides at its opposite end in the longitudinalbore 166 of the bearing cup 153 which bore delivers in part to the ballbearing and in part into radial bore 159 in ball 148. The constructionof terminal 150 is otherwise identical with that described and similarparts bear the same reference numerals primed. Radial duct 159 deliverslubricant to duct 147 in the lever 167, which latter corresponds toeither lever 17 of the exi ternal brake or lever 28 of the internalbrake in Fig. 1. Some of the lubricant from bore 159 will, however, passthrough bore 160 to lubricate bearing cup 155. While the Spherical orball bearing construction shown is preferred, it will be understood thatthe bearings 148 and 148 may be cylindrical rather than spherical.

It is preferred to provide a boot about each of the terminals in Fig. 8for the purpose of preventing the entry of dust at the substantialopening 149. A preferred embodiment of boot shown in this connectionincludes a sleeve elelnent 168 also of leather about the arm 146 clampedas at 169 and formed in a unit with a generally rectangular' blank 17 0also of leather partially about the terminal and secured by acomplementary sheet metal boot portion 171 at the otherwise uncoveredpart of the terminal, two pairs of ears 171 of which are clampedtogether by corresponding bolts 172 to securely grip the terminal.

In Figs. 10, 11 and 12 is shown another embodiment of lubricatinglinkage, in which the arms and the levers at the respective ends of thepitman link, are metal stampings conformed to provide the lubricantpassages, special terminals being provided to accommodate such stampedmembers. The arm on the rock shaft comprises a pair of stampings 17 3and 174, each having a longitudinal outwardly protruding embossinent 175, thereby determining a longitudinal oil duct therebetween. In order toprovide an outlet at the lower end of the duct 175 and yet affordsuilicient metal for an adequate bearing thereat, a metal frame 176 isinterposed between said stampings and acts as a spacer therebetween. Thetwo stampings and the spacer are assembled into a unitary construct-ionin any appropriate manner, but preferably by ...n l., i K.

bending tongues 177 integral with one of the stampings about the edge ofthe other. To aii'ord a secure connection of the composite arm withrespect to the rock shaft, so that it rocks as a unit therewith, theindividual stampings are provided with reversely bent ends 178 extendingoutward therefrom, said ends and the main lengths of said links beingprovided with non-circular, preferably hexagonal eyes 179 correspondingto the similar conformation of the rock shaft.

The pit-man 180 formed of a hollow or tubular construction asin otherembodiments, has a terminal forging 181 secured in place by a socket 182threaded over the upper or forward end of said pitman. The terminalincludes a generally rectangular box-shaped conformation 183 beyond thetube, sustained in pivoted relation from the eye at the lower end of thecomposite arm 173-174. Said eye comprises a bushing 184 extendingthrough corresponding openings in the lower ends of the stampings 173and 174, secured in position by a collar 185 pressed thereon.

Y The bushing 184 fits snugly between the lateral walls 186 of thebox-shaped terminal 183, which walls are preferably thickened as at 187,where contacted by the bushing. A pin 188 extending transversely throughcorresponding eyes in the side walls of the terminal chamber and throughthe bushing 184 and retained by a cotter pin 189, completes the pivotbearing assembly. A saw kerf 190 transversely of the bushing 184 conveysthe lubricant from the longitudinally embossed duct 175 in the compositearm 173, 174 to the bearing surface of the pin 188. The lubricant isadmitted to the rock shafts in a manner identical with that shown inFig. 4, the oblique duct 191 through the rock shaft delivering into thearm 173-174 through the gap between the polygonal shaft and the upperand open end of embossment 17 5, whence the lubricant flows downwardthrough said embossment and through the saw kerf 190 to the pin bearing188, the latterdraining into the bottom of receptacle 183 which, inturn, delivers longitudinally downward through the tube 180 to thebearing at the lower end thereof.

The lower end of the pitman link has a terminal 192 adjustablesubstantially as the corresponding terminal in Fig. 1. The lever 193operated from the pitman is of construction generally similar to thatshown at the upper end and before described, modified, however, to adaptit for bearing connection with respect to the eye 194 on terminal 192.For this purpose, the upper ends of the individual stampings 195 and 196are bent to substantially completely encircle as at 197, the sides 198and 199 of a rigid yoke of U- shape, embracing the flat sides of the eye194, a pin 200 transversely through the sides 198 and 199 of the yokeand its encircling ment for effect-i 'c lucriction of the ous bearingsof the internal or hand brake immediately associated with the wheel orbrake drum and more especially with brake linkage of the type indicatedin F ig. l. Corresponding parts bear th same reference numerals as in 1,primed. Substantially all of the bearings, both those at the exteriorand those at the in erior of the brake drum are supplied 2O L -ty flowfrom one or .more sources aiiixed to the brake shield S, which Vliti-inO's may be oil cups or may be supplied from the Irame through anyappropriate system of piping. ln the present embodiment,

l slidwn metal j Ae 205 mounted near the top of the thereof, slogingdownward and clipped in place at 2GbV near its lower end, to drip oil tothe uppermost bearing pin 207 of the brake linkage. The indiif'idual brke links are of special construction to facilitate the passage of thelubricant from the bearing 207 to the other associated bearing pins 208,209 and' 2li). For this purpose, link 33 is formed of a felt element f,backed with a metallic stampm., which imparts to it the structuralstrength required, and one of the two parallel operating links 531transmitting the braking impulse from arm 30 to the joint of the togglis similarly formed of a felt element j,

backed with a metallic stamping m. The

eyes e of the felt preferably provide a snug tit with respect to thepins 207, 208 and 209 on which they bear, so that lubricant from thebearing' 297 will not readily drip ofi", but will l ...wn by thecapillary action of the .f Yto, the bearing surface at the OS 'a.ongwhich it spreads, the felt link 31 drawing the lubricant to. bycapillary action outward 209 thereof. Some of the lubrie from betweenthe ends of the ilw Y pin 202. be oi l. reaches thc felt f of link 31longitudil al bore 211 in togand downward to the pivot pin 21 tuting thelower mount of the t n 212 at the upper end of is connected to theclevis of the pitman link and bea 29 of said lever, which in s ..-omtheV exterior of the brake shield are here lubricated from a fitting lonthe exterior of the shield through a flexible tube- .,A which may beidentical with that brake shield at the interiorl shown in Fig. 5a andis connected at one end by a terminal nut 215 to supply fitting 216 andsoldered at the other end in a corresponding depression 217 in the headof pivot pin 212. The pin is maintained in position against coming outby a Cotter piu 218 so that surface of said pin is both in the link clfe 219 and in the eyes of the clevis jaws 213. rl'he lubricant isconveyed through pin 212 as shown by way of a radial duct 220 and .1inal duct delivering through a radial duct 222 to a circumferentialgroove which lubricant spreads lengthwise of the pin 212. Lubricant inexcess of that intercepted by the bearing is conveyed onward throughpipe 224.` longitudinally of lever 28 and fitting in correspondingsockets 225 and ends thereof, the upper end of said pipe draining fromthe lower surface of the pivot pin 212 and the lower end draining intovertical bore 227 in the lever which in turn delivers to an oblique bore22S in the pivot stud of said lever, said stud draining to the bearing29 thereof in the brake shield.

ln the preferred construction both the linkage just described, at theexterior of the brake shield and the linkage previously described at theinterior ofthe brake shield are lubricated simultaneously from a singlefitting of special construction. rlhis fitting comprises forging 216having a flange 229 bolted as at 230 to the exterior of the brake shieldand provided with an integral inlet nipple 231 supplied from the inletpipe 232 that leads from the frame and with an outlet nipple 214 towhich the upper end of the exible tube 214 is coupled by the nut 215.rThe inner pipe 205 is supplied from an el` bow fitting 238 threadedfrom the interior of the brake shield into a corresponding socket 234Fin the forging 216 said pipe 205 being connected to the other leg of thee1- bow by a nut 235. rlhe composige fitting described inay be providedwith any appropriate iiow controlling appliance preferably one of mydrip plug constructions to assure division of the lubricant insubstantially the proportions desired or required between the bearingsatthe interior and those at the eX- terior of the brake shield.

The lever 17 for operating the external orake s shown with a pipe 69 andsaid lever is preferably lubricated through the length of the operatingpitman rod therefor in the manner shown in Fig. il.

ln Figs. 16, 17 and 18 is shown an alterna.- tive arrangement of thepitman element of the brake linkage. Instead of the seamless tubularconstruction previously described, I conform a sheet metal strip bylongitudinally bending into a generally rectangular tube 239. Thelateral edges of the strip meet at 240 at the top and may be soldered'orwelded, if desired, although this is not essential.

, reck shaft.

To form the pvot connection at the upper or forward end of the pitmantube, the upper side thereof is cut away as at 241 and a U shaped yoke242 is slipped over said end, overlapping the sides A terminal ittinfr244 encloses the sides 245 as well as the enc of the yoke 242 but is cutaway at 246Y fitting 244, the yoke 242 and the sides 248 of the tube239. Preferably collar encircles the' arm 248 directly above the neel:247 and is urged against said neck in dust-excluding relation by a coilspring about the arm and reacting against shoulder 253 integraltherewith. A pin 248 through the arm 248 maintains the spring 252 andthe collar 251 assembled with respect to the arm 248. Lubricantdelivered through longitudinal duct 254 in the arm 248, it will be seenis directly applied to the bearing pin 250 and drops therefrom into thebottoln of the terminal, whence it passes onward through the tube to thebearing at the lower end thereof.

t the lower end of the pitman tube, there is preferablyY a threadedterminal post 255 which may be of the general type shown in Fig. 1, forinstance. To attach said post to the rectangular tube, the latter isplugged j with a rectangular metal block 256 riveted in place as at 257,the post 255 being formed as an integral extension thereof upon which aVsuitable terminal socket is adjustably threaded. Preferably, theterminal post extends eccentrically of the block 256, from 45 near thelower face thereof, so that the axial bore 258 through said post andblock unit is at a level little above the bottom of the pitman tube tofacilitate draining of the latter for effective lubrication of thebearing or bearings which are supplied as in Fig. 1 from the pitmantube.

An alternative embodiment of bearing for the lower or rear end of thepitman tube apars in section at Fig. 19. This construction clude/s aterminal forging 260, a socket 266 one end of which is threaded upon thelower of the pitman link and havin g a general.- l cylindrical concavity261 in its lower side, filmed midway between the parallel side walls 62of the forging. The Hat end walls 263 the concavity diverge downward,shown. vInto the concavit-y 261 extends the upper or eye end 264 of theoperated lever 265, the bearing being completed by a pivot pin 266having a head extending with a sliding fit in a corresponding eyel 267in one side wallof the forging 260, the shank of said pin extendingthrough a corresponding bushing 268 friction-fitted into the oppositeside wall of the forging which bushing protrudes inward. A dished springwasher 269 encircling the end 'of the pin 266, contacts the forging 260and reacts against Cotter pin 270 through the pivot pin to draw the headof the latter against eye 264 and to urge said eye and bushing 268 intocontact. It will be apparent that rattle is thus avoided, the wearbetween the thrust surfaces for eye 264 being automatically compensatedfor by the eX- pansion of spring 269. The lubricant is conveyed from thepitman tube by a bore 271 from near the lower part of the socket- 260',said bore connected through a short vertical tube 272 to deliver into awellor depression 273 in the upper end of the eye 264 which well in turndrains through Ya bore 274 in the eye to the bearing of the pivot pin.The pivot pin preferably has a peripheral groove 275 thereabout whichdelivers oil, in part, to lubricate the bearing surface of the pivot pinand in part to duct 276 lengthwise of the lever 265 to supply otherbearing surfaces.

In Figs. 2O to 27 inclusive, I have shown a number of alternativeembodiments, more especially for the lubrication of the equalizer bar offoot operated brake linkage and associated bearings. A conventionalmechanism of this type is shown in the drawings. The frame rock shaftcomprises two identical sections, one of which appears at 277, cachhaving a bearing 278. Rigid with rock shaft 277 is a lever 279 extendingdownward thcrefrom providing a pivot bearing 280 for a link 281 whichextends forward therefrom. The two companion links 281 are connected bythe equalizer bar 282 pivoted thereto by pivot pins 284. To the middleof bar 282 is pivoted by pin 285, the tension ro( 285B which in turn isconnected to the brake operating pedal, (not shown).

Each of the three pivot bearings 284, and 285 of the equalizer barpreferably comprises a clevis such as shown at 286 encircling the bar282 and a pivot pin 284 through the jaws of the clevis and thecorresponding eye 282 in the equalizer bar, and held in place by acotter pin 287.

In Figs. 20 to 22, I have shown one ar rangement for effectinglubrication through separate ducts, of the three bearings. Illustratively one conductor 288 leads through a flow control fitting 289which may be of the general restriction or drip plug type and is shownmounted on the cross channel frame C. Against the outlet nipple 290 ofsaid fitting there is pressed by screw cap 291 the knotted end 292 of alength of metal cable 288, a preferred form of which is known asairplane cord, said cable drooping downward, its lower end encircling asat 294 the central pivot pin

